Transform Compost Products Makes Plans for Growth!

I first wish to thank our friends, customers, and creditors who have stood along side us during the last two years of challenge. There had been excitement building in 2009 and 2010. In 2010, we finalized our new product brochure and received approval from the Agricultural Land Commission for composting and in 2011 we completed installation of the granulation and bagging system to produce and bag organic fertilizer. We were poised for growth.

Transform Compost Brochure_Page_1

Transform Compost Brochure_Page_2

After our legal challenges started in 2011 and we had to find another location, we had to make important decisions (information on our search for a site can be found at: http://johnpaulprofessional.wordpress.com/2012/11/01/transform-receives-refusal-from-the-agricultural-land-commission-for-a-composting-facility/ and the legal situation is all available as a matter of public record with the Supreme Court of BC.

Already in 2011, we decided that we would do our best to continue the business for two reasons:

1. our products were very well received by our customers, and

2. we wanted to honor the creditors to whom we still owed money and do our best to make things right.

Its now been two years now and there have been many challenges, one of them being the ability to compost at another location. So far, the Agricultural Land Commission has not been favorable to us. We  have had to adapt. We are now composting in Mission at an OMRR approved site, and in Chilliwack on a farm, using the farm’s manure. In 2012, we were able to sell some product. So far this year, we are not quite at our targets for 2011, but are getting close.  The excitement is beginning to build again. We are hoping.

We received three very positive responses this week for our products, which give encouragement to move forward in reestablishing our bagging system, our organic fertilizer production system, and further developing a large compost and soil production center. We have had to disappoint customers this year because could not supply worm castings yet.

We are working hard to pay our creditors before we move forward. We understand that some of our creditors have not understood the situation or had the patience to wait. I understand that and cannot fault them. I especially want to honor our creditors who have walked beside us, who understood my conviction to make things right.

Thank You!

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Its time to Begin Taking Care of the Lawn Again!

We have had a sneak preview of some warmer weather. The tulips and daffodils are beginning to poke their heads. Some of the trees are beginning to show some bloom. The moss is greening up in the lawn. Our lawn had some brown patches on it. I would like to have our lawn green to make a better contrast for the flowers that will be coming up soon. This week I also put our Transform lawn topdress on our lawn again.

A 1/4" of Transform lawn compost provides nutrients, organic matter and healthy microbes to revive the lawn!

A 1/4″ of Transform lawn compost provides nutrients, organic matter and healthy microbes to revive the lawn!

I also added some Transform Soil Conditioner to our garden areas and around the trees to provide additional nutrients and organic matter. I place about 1/2″ to 1″ of this material on the garden beds. This year, the Transform Soil Conditioner is a blend of our horse and turkey compost from last year, and the compost from the District of Mission. We are in process of having the compost from the District of Mission approved for organic use! I am proud to say that all of our compost this year is at least one year old – we know from experience and from science that the greatest disease resistance characteristics are with mature and aged compost.

We have also just started our compost preparation for the fall, and for next year.  Our future was in jeopardy because the Agricultural Land Commission doesn’t seem to want us to be on agricultural land. Now we have connected with a large farm to produce large quantities of compost. One would think that moving nutrients from agricultural zones with intensive livestock production would be welcome!

We are thankful to be connected with a large farm and to be preparing compost for next year!

We are thankful to be connected with a large farm and to be preparing compost for next year!

 

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Compost and Composting is Important for Environmental Sustainability Over the Abbotsford-Sumas Aquifer

The Abbotsford-Sumas Aquifer was in the news again this week (http://www.vancouversun.com/technology/Overuse+groundwater+could+impact+food+supply+study+finds/7913840/story.html#ixzz2KBDJI5o5). The article is regarding a paper in Nature Climate Change reporting long term impacts of climate change on world groundwater supplies. Many areas of the world have no other options but to rely on groundwater. Groundwater supplies in many areas including California are being depleted. Other shallow groundwater supplies are becoming contaminated with pesticides and chemicals. Our own Abbotsford-Sumas Aquifer is no exception.

“In the Fraser Valley, too, agriculture is placing stress on groundwater systems. Chemicals used in agriculture are also swept into the groundwater system by over-application of fertilizer, irrigation and poor manure management, Allen said.

The Abbotsford-Sumas Aquifer, which straddles the Canada-U.S. border, has nitrate concentrations that are well above Canadian drinking water guidelines, largely due to intensive agriculture,” she said.( http://www.vancouversun.com/technology/Overuse+groundwater+could+impact+food+supply+study+finds/7913840/story.html#ixzz2KBDJI5o5)

A consultant’s report prepared for the City of Abbotsford suggested that the Abbotsford-Sumas Aquifer has the potential to supply up to 45 million cubic meters of water per year for communities in Canada and the US. Unfortunately, some of this water is contaminated with nitrate. A quick search on the internet finds that nitrate removal from groundwater in Nebraska costs around $ 1 per cubic meter. This would add up to $ 45 million per year.

We are fortunate to have alternate supplies of water available in Abbotsford. Abbotsford was willing to initiate a $ 328 million project to tap a new water supply (http://www.abbotsfordtimes.com/news/Tapping+into+Abbotsford+water+questions/5709435/story.html). We also have the option to blend our high nitrate water with other water sources to reduce the nitrate concentration to below the 10 mg N per L. Unfortunately, many of our neighbours around the world do not have options to find other water sources. Unfortunately, finding alternate water costs money.

We all realize that this is a complex issue. Agriculture is important for our community. Water outflow from the aquifer is required to maintain water in some of our fish bearing creeks. The question remains as to “why do we pollute our drinking water and then pay millions of dollars to replace it?” (http://www.abbotsfordtoday.ca/guest-column-abbotsford-sumas-aquifer-could-save-126-million/).

This week I completed a report entitled Feasibility of Using Compost in Raspberry Production: A Preliminary Review and Economic Analysis of Materials and Processes Available in the Fraser Valley. This report addresses the second and third of three challenges in our agriculture over the Abbotsford-Sumas Aquifer.

  1. We have a poultry industry that doesn’t require agricultural land to grow its own feed. Hence we have an excess of nitrogen rich poultry manure produced over the aquifer.
  2. We have berry production over the aquifer that can benefit from addition of organic matter, but does not require much nitrogen.
  3. Our vegetable and soft fruit production is not able to utilize raw manures within 120 days of harvest according to Good Agricultural Practice guidelines. Raw manures spread outside of this time increase the risk of nitrate contamination in the aquifer.

Challenges lead to opportunities. There are three significant opportunities:

  1. The poultry litter produced over the Abbotsford-Aquifer can be composted and granulated to produce organic fertilizer. There are two companies currently taking poultry litter from farms over the Abbotsford Aquifer, composting it, and shipping compost approved for organic production in eastern Washington. The demand for this product is increasing. There is further opportunity to replace chemical fertilizers used for growing vegetables, nursery plants, lawns and sportfields with this organic fertilizer.
  2. Research at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada has demonstrated that nitrate contamination of groundwater in the Abbotsford-Sumas Aquifer could potentially be reduced by using compost.

Using an appropriate compost has three potential benefits:

  1. Reduced nitrate contamination of the Abbotsford Sumas Aquifer
  2. Increased soil microbial population that may decompose some of the pesticides and chemicals used in crop production over the Abbotsford-Sumas Aquifer
  3. Increased soil and plant health that may reduce requirements for pesticides and chemicals.

Unfortunately, these opportunities are not appreciated by some. In 2006, we proposed tax incentives for sustainable waste management to the City of Abbotsford. We initiated projects that would allow poultry manure to be composted and shipped off the Abbotsford-Sumas Aquifer. We have yet to receive approval from the Agricultural Land Commission.  Unfortunately, the two companies composting and exporting poultry manure compost are not compliant with our provincial regulations.

The BC Ministry of Agriculture and the City of Abbotsford have placed anaerobic digestion as priorities for agriculture. We are approaching the 8th anniversary since our funded visit to the anaerobic digester in Lynden, Washington. Unfortunately, these initiatives do not address the challenges or the opportunities with respect to our agriculture over the Abbotsford-Sumas Aquifer. You are welcome to read more about this at www.johnpaulprofessional.wordpress.com.

Do we have imagination, courage and the will to explore? Could we have agricultural production that produces healthy and safe produce without contaminating our aquifer? I believe that it can be done! Composting and export of poultry litter produced over the aquifer is a easily attainable goal. There needs to be a will to use composts to reduce risk of nitrate and pesticide contamination of the aquifer.

 

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Transform makes a difference moving nutrients from agriculture

The end of the year is always a great time for reflection. I’d like to think that Transform made a difference adding value to agricultural waste and moving nutrients from areas of excess to areas of need and opportunity. I’d like to think that we contributed to the BC Food Strategy objectives of “ensure a safe, secure food supply, advance the development of innovative products and processes, strengthening domestic markets, and growing BC’s agri-food advantage” (http://www.gov.bc.ca/agri/down/bc_agrifoods_strategy.pdf)

How did we do? We were not a large company, but we did create value added products that reduced the need for chemicals and fertilizers for our urban neighbours, we produced quality compost and worm castings that is so needed in our organic fruit and vegetable industry. We are so thankful that we were able to be involved in some of this very important and exciting initiatives! Its great to see that one of our customers was recently profiled in the Vancouver Sun! (http://www.vancouversun.com/Hitch+ride+Squamish+hidden+winter/7704063/story.html)

Our sales weren’t exceptionally high, but they were growing and we had just completed setting up and testing our organic fertilizer production system!

So just how much bulk compost did we sell from the property that we were working at in Abbotsford? The volume started out at 3000 cubic yards in 2009 and increased 30% yearly. Considering that marketing had to include education on the benefits of the compost, we were quite pleased.

Volume of Compost Sold

Although it was not a high volume market to start with, the revenue potential was reasonable, and again, increased by 30% yearly.
Revenue from Bulk Sales of Compost

What was most exciting was the potential for the organic fertilizer production system. We had invested more than $ 150,000 for the equipment and installation, and had just completed production test runs in April 2011.

We had completed setting up and testing the organic fertilizer production equipment in March 2011

We had completed setting up and testing the organic fertilizer production equipment in March 2011

I had worked on the vision for this fertilizer process since 1995! We worked with a pelletized and crumbled product when I worked for Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada in the 1990s, we developed a granulated fertilizer product with a company in Pennsylvania in 2000, we prepared business plans for organic fertilizer from 2004 to 2009, and we were finally making a product that we were proud of!

Organic fertilizer

We finally had the equipment, we had the raw ingredients, we had the capacity to produce 1 tonne per hour of organic fertilizer. We could have produced 1000 tonnes by the end of 2011. At a conservative wholesale market estimate of $ 250 per tonne, this product was worth $ 250,000.

In 2011 we had to look for another property. So far, we have no approvals from the Agricultural Land Commission. But we are thankful that we did get our equipment back in September of this year!

We look forward to 2013, puzzled and bewildered, yet with some anticipation!

“when you are knocked considerably sideways, you get up and keep going, or you get up and go in a slightly different direction” Lyndsay Faye

Happy New Year!

 

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A Blessed Christmas to All – Santa Buys Compost!

In the next blog, I will reflect on the year(s) past – in this one I wish everyone a very blessed Christmas! We pray for peace throughout the world this Christmas.

Santa purchases compost for his garden

Santa has gotten on board with the local healthy food initiative and the concern with imported food quality, and is now growing his own vegetables at the North Pole. Fortunately, with climate change, it is now possible to have a garden at the North Pole.

The economic realities of transportation costs are cutting into Santa’s sleigh budget as well, so he is able to take advantage of reduced hauling costs by filling his sleigh with compost every Christmas eve.

So much for putting out milk and cookies. He may want your compost  instead!

Have a blessed Christmas!

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Should Field Application of Compost be Based on Soluble Salts?

A discussion came up in Edmonton this year regarding field application of compost. This particular compost had an electrical conductivity reading of 4.7 ms/cm, with a sodium concentration of 659 ppm, which was 4.8% of base saturation. The comments line of the laboratory analysis included warnings of the high sodium concentration. Farmers who were contemplating using this compost for field crops suddenly had concerns. Is this compost going to be harmful for our soil or our crops? Is there any current legislation and experience on compost application based on sodium or salts? One legislation that may be applicable is the Alberta’s Agricultural Operation Practices Act (AOPA), which “sets limitations on manure applications based on soil salinity, to ensure the salts in manure do not affect plant growth. Manure may not be applied at rates that, if after manure application, would result in a one decisiemens/meter (dS/m) increase in EC in the top 15 cm (6 in) of the soil. Manure application is prohibited on soils, if the EC of the soil in the top 15 cm is greater than four dS/M” (same as four ms/cm) (http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/epw11920/$FILE/4-4.pdf).

Beef cattle manure has a relatively high EC. In a 25 year experiment with cattle manure application rates of up to 180 tonnes per hectare in Southern Alberta, the average EC of the manure applied was 23.6 dS/m (https://www.agronomy.org/publications/jeq/pdfs/37/3/798). For every tonne of salt applied through cattle manure, the average soil electrical conductivity (0-150 cm) increased by 0.1108 dS/m (same as ms/cm) under rainfed conditions (http://www.prairiesoilsandcrops.ca/articles/vol_5_12_Long_Term_Cattle_Manure_Plots_Screen.pdf).

Following eight years of beef cattle manure application at another site in southern Alberta, soil EC was linearly correlated with manure application rates from 0 to 120 tonnes per hectare, with an EC of 0.4 ms/cm in the soil receiving no manure to 1.4 ms/cm in the soil receiving 8 annual applications of 120 tonnes per ha (https://www.uleth.ca/dspace/bitstream/handle/10133/3098/simpson%2c%20lisa.pdf?sequence=1).

From this Alberta experience with beef cattle manure containing high amounts of sodium applied at very high rates, we see that soil EC does not increase dramatically. Back to our compost application question, with a sodium concentration of 659 ppm, and a compost application rate of 25 tonnes per ha (50% moisture), that gives us a total of 8.24 kg of sodium per hectare. The increase in soil sodium concentration is 0.00037% (8.24 kg of sodium divided by 2,250,000 kg of soil in a hectare (to 15 cm or 6” depth).

Sodium may become a concern after repeated applications, but it will take many years. Using the estimate provided earlier (1 tonne of salt increases soil EC by 0.1108 dS/m), and assuming that the sodium is 5% of the total soluble salts, it will require 6.25 applications of 25 tonnes per ha to increase the EC of the soil by 0.1108 dS/m.

If annual applications of up to 180 tonnes per hectare of beef cattle manure having an average EC of 23 ms/cm did not negatively affect crop growth, it is unlikely that we will see negative effects from applications of 25 tonnes per hectare of compost with an EC of less than 5. We also have to remember that fertilizer is also “salt”.

 

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Compost Use in Central Saanich, BC

Last night at a public meeting in Central Saanich, we listened to concerned residents speak out against composting on agricultural land because of truck traffic, noise and odor. We heard that recycling our organic matter is a commercial activity, and should be done on industrial land, not on farmland. The public meeting was supposed to be about a draft change in the Central Saanich bylaw to allow a composting operation on agricultural land to export up to 50% of the compost it produces.

The residents were outspoken that our urban foodwaste should not be returned back to the farm, or at least should be composted somewhere else before returning to the farm.  We heard about health risks, water quality implications, noise, odor, loss of beautiful farmland, potential loss of property value….A copy of the article “Domestic waste composting facilities: a review of human health risks.” was submitted (this article is about mixed waste composting (garbage) which is no longer done in most of North America (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18701167).

I have always advocated that recycling organic waste needs to be socially and environmentally acceptable. This is why we advocate enclosing compost facilities and protecting the process from precipitation and to control odor.  We need to recycle the organic matter so that we can produce healthy foods with less pesticides and chemicals. A few weeks ago, I suggested that we are all living in a large agricultural experiment – where we as a society don’t fully know the implications of all the chemicals and genetically modified foods that we are eating (http://johnpaulprofessional.wordpress.com/2012/11/14/we-are-part-of-a-large-agricultural-experiment-are-you-okay-with-this/).

Last night was a wonderful example of how a community comes together on an issue of concern. Our rallying around cancer victims through walks, runs, and bike rides is another great example of how a community comes together. There is increasing evidence that the pesticides and chemicals that we use in our environment has health implications. When should we in our communities begin rallying around local healthy food production?

There are some reasons to allow 50% of the compost produced on a farm to be exported to other farms to promote local healthy food production. They include:

  1. Having a local and quality compost available is beneficial for smaller farms in the community in that it allows these farms to increase the quality of their soil and the crops that they are growing by potentially reducing the requirements of pesticides and chemicals. This, in combination with the higher yields and improved food quality that can be achieved by using compost, makes these smaller farmers more economically viable. As an example, our company has been supplying about a dozen smaller organic growers with compost in the Fraser Valley. These growers would not have the ability to produce the compost themselves, and there are few other sources of quality compost available.
  2. Under the new Good Agricultural Practice guidelines for food safety, fruit and vegetable growers cannot use raw manure within 120 days of harvest. This increases the demand for quality compost, as most growers and consumers understand the importance of providing and maintaining soil organic matter.

The proposed bylaw change to allow 50% of the compost produced on a farm to be exported is in keeping with the Capital Regional District’s goal to recycle organics in their own community for the benefit of local soils and local food production (http://sustainability.crd.bc.ca/media/1236/food_security_policy_brief_small.pdf).  The District of Central Saanich is supportive of this initiative within the CRD.

The official community plan for the District of Central Saanich places high priority for agriculture in its community, and acknowledges that farming may result in some dust, odor and noise.   The goal that we need to keep striving for is to keeping this important recycling of organic matter as socially acceptable as possible.

Its an interesting debate because many of us have been recycling our organic waste already in our backyard composters for years – and we use the compost in our gardens to grow our vegetables! In Toronto, there is interest in increasing composting initiatives because of the benefit to both urban farmers “Composting is a vital part of urban agriculture. By composting our plant waste and then using the compost to improve the garden’s soil, we are closing the loop between production, consumption, and waste.” (http://tfpc.to/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/GrowTO_ActionPlan_lowresFINAL.pdf).

I hope that we as communities can demonstrate enthusiasm in promoting local sustainable foods that that contain less pesticides and chemicals. In the meantime, we have to continue to find ways to recycle our organic matter in socially and environmentally acceptable ways. Our future and the future of our children depends on this.

 

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BC Agri-Foods Strategy Indirectly Supports Composting

The BC Ministry of Agriculture’s strategy to ensure that food production in BC will support healthy communities (http://www.gov.bc.ca/agri/down/bc_agrifoods_strategy.pdf) indirectly promotes composting and the use of compost. However, we will see later in this post that there appears to be a disconnect as both the BC Ministry of Agriculture and the Agricultural Land Commission does not support commerical composting in the Agricultural Land Reserve. Where will the compost come from that is required to maintain healthy soil?

“British Columbians are becoming increasingly aware of the benefits of healthy living for their families, and for the environment. Demand is growing for fresh, local foods from sustainable sources” BC Agri-Foods Strategy

In a previous blog, I discussed the importance of using compost to produce healthy food  (http://www.transformcompost.com/blog/?p=119). I reviewed how we have 44,000 acres of soft fruit and vegetable production in the Fraser Valley that could produce healthier and safer food by using an approved compost as required under the new Good Agricultural Practices guidelines. I reviewed how the use of compost produces healthier plants that are nutritious and more resistant to disease, and will have a lower likelihood of having pesticide residues.

The BC Agri-Foods Stratgy also supports the increased interest and demand for organic food: “With growing interest in healthy eating, consumers are increasingly seeking out organic foods – and many producers are pursuing, and achieving, certified organic status, which requires significant time and resources.”

There are local companies producing compost for organic food production. One company is removing more than 10,000 tonnes of poultry litter from the enviromentally sensitive Abbotsford aquifer, producing a quality compost in an indoor process, and marketing this product for organic production in Washington State. The Agricultural Land Commission has decided that this operation is negative to agriculture and is not giving this company permission to operate on an abandoned dairy farm site.

Our company, Transform Compost Products has been supplying compost for the organic growers for almost 10 years. We have more than six organic producers using our worm castings to enhance early growth of vegetables. We have another six larger organic farms using our compost as an organic nutrient source. Our compost is vital to their success. The Agricultural Land Commission has decided that our efforts to take surplus nutrients from agriculture and produce quality composts for food production is negative to agriculture (http://johnpaulprofessional.wordpress.com/2012/11/01/transform-receives-refusal-from-the-agricultural-land-commission-for-a-composting-facility/).

The Agricultural Land Commission suggested that we should be on industrial land, not agricultural land. The BC Ministry of Agriculture has also decided that commercial composting should be done on industrial land (Commercial composting in the ALR). While this is a great idea in theory, it is difficult to justify doubling the price of compost for an organic industry that is struggling economically.

The challenges of the organic food industry and the widespread encouragement of organic food production is illustrated by Vancity’s appeal to its members to assist one of the local organic farms following flooding of the Fraser River in the summer of 2012.

The BC Agri-Foods Strategy promotes healthy food production but does not address one of the most fundamental requirement for healthy food – healthy soil- where the organic matter of the soil is maintained to increase nutrition, taste, and safety of our food.

Perhaps most important to human health and long run well being, these new farmers are stewards of the land. They understand that they can create a sustainable, permanent agriculture only by restoring the health and productivity of the soil….In these new farmers who are committed to restoring health to the soil is the vision of the new food system needed to restore health to people – healthy soils, healthy foods, healthy people. This is a new vision for the future worthy of taking the risk and enduring the inevitable difficulties of fundamental change.” (Dr. John Ikerd, agricultural economist) http://web.missouri.edu/ikerdj/papers/Iowa%20Aronia%20Berry%20Fest%20–%20Healthy%20Food.htm

Can we do it? Can we adopt a sustainability strategy that understands the importance of our soil and how it benefits our health and the health of future generations?

 

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City of Toronto Integrates Urban and Rural Food Production

I was very impressed to read the City of Toronto’s new GrowTO – An Urban Agriculture Action Plan for Toronto (http://www.compost.org/English/PDF/Urban_Agriculture_Toronto.pdf). When I read this action plan, I learned that:

  1. Urban residents are enthusiastic to be involved with food production
  2. Urban residents understand the value of local, healthy and sustainable food
  3. Urban residents want to connect with their rural food producing neighbours in a meaningful way
  4. Urban residents want to connect with food production globally

Below are a few quotations from this document that demonstrates the importance of integrating urban and rural food production:

“People who want to grow food are in fact often very highly motivated to do so. But if the information isn’t available to support their efforts, the results are often disappointing. In their discouragement, we lose the potential to create more urban growers and future farmers. Knowledge is essential at every stage to reward curiosity and hard work.

One of the intrinsic strengths of the urban agriculture movement is that food is a basic need—for everyone. And thus, everyone can potentially relate to any effort that makes fresh, healthy, local, nutritious, affordable, and culturally diverse food available—to everyone.

While the rural farmscape might be what immediately comes to mind, cities, too, are (and have always been) places of significant, energetic and committed food production. Urban agriculture has entered the lexicon as a way to describe a myriad of food-growing practices that are increasingly taking place in cities throughout the country and, indeed, the world. In fact, globally, it is common for a significant portion of food consumed in cities to be grown within and immediately surrounding those same cities.

Food growing enthusiasts are becoming entrepreneurs and launching new businesses and young farmers are forming co-ops, devising new models of land tenure to grow food commercially and keep the rich agricultural land often found in and around cities in production.

Urban agriculture unites constituencies of people across the broadest possible spectrum at the same time as it connects to our most basic personal and societal needs: good health, productive economies, and a sustainable environment. It provides a stepping stone for those who wish to eventually farm at a larger scale, making the transition from beginning farmer to productive farmer much easier.”

The GrowTO report also demonstrates that our urban neighbours also understand that composting and recycling is an integral part of food production. The report notes that almost all of the community gardens use organic principles in growing vegetables for personal and community use. The production and use of compost is integral to a successful urban agriculture program.

“another major hurdle to food production (particularly larger scale and commercial food production) is the issue of access to quality compost for soil amendment….by composting our plant waste and then using the compost to improve the garden’s soil, we are closing the loop between production, consumption, and waste.”

The GrowTO report also encourages connection with the larger rural farming community by endorsing the Golden Horshoe Agriculture and Agri-Food Strategy – Food and Farming Action Plan 2021.   http://greenbelt.ca/sites/default/files/attachments/21/gh_food_farming_action_plan_2021_pdf_29309.pdf.

“Those involved in food and farming in the Golden Horseshoe recognized that they had common interests and that by working together they had potential to

• support economic viability for all components of the food and farming cluster;

• maintain the agricultural land base;

• build better regional connections throughout the food and farming value chain; and

• reduce regulatory barriers to enable the cluster to thrive.”

The goals of the Food and Farming Action Plan 2021 include:

“A. GROW THE CLUSTER Grow the Golden Horseshoe cluster so it becomes the leading food and farming cluster in the world, renowned for healthy and safe products.

B. LINK FOOD, FARMING AND HEALTH Educate current and future consumers about the importance of locally sourced food and farming products for enhancing their health and well-being.

C. FOSTER INNOVATION Encourage and support innovation to enhance the competitiveness and sustainability of the Golden Horseshoe food and farming cluster.

D. ENABLE THE CLUSTER Align policy tools and their application to enable food and farming businesses to be increasingly competitive and profitable.

E. CULTIVATE NEW APPROACHES Pilot new approaches to support food and farming in the Golden Horseshoe.”

The GrowTO report acknowleges the important work of Vancouver’s City Farmer organization, a non-profit group that has been promoting composting and food production in our cities since 1978!

“City Farmer teaches people how to grow food in the city, compost their waste and take care of their home landscape in an environmentally responsible way” http://www.cityfarmer.info/about/

This report emphasizes that our communities want to be involved with local healthy sustainable food production. Residents in our communities see rural agriculture simply a larger scale version of what they dream about with urban agriculture. We see a movement towards integrating urban and rural food production.

 

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Does non-compostable material contaminate compost?

When we implement food scraps composting in our communities, we have varying amounts of other matter such as plastic in the composting process. We sometimes call it contamination. Perhaps there is a better word. The word “contamination” may have unintended consequences.  I learned this from staff of the City of Whitehorse during a visit there this summer.

The City of Whitehorse has a composting program for its residents. As with many communities implementing food scraps recycling, there is a significant amount of non-compostable material in the compost. As with many communities and compost facilities, this non-compostable material was called “contamination”.

The City of Whitehorse composting windrows contain some non-compostable materials such as plastic

The challenge occured when attempting to market this compost. Residents of Whitehorse purchase truckloads of imported bagged compost at one of the larger retail stores.

Residents of Whitehorse understand the benefits of compost, and there is an increased interest in local food production. Some residents were hestitant to purchase the locally produced compost. Why? Because they heard that it was contaminated!

The City of Whitehorse compost – a very clean high quality material!

The compost was not contaminated at all. The plastic and other non-compostables had been successfully removed. The word “contamination” implied other “contamination” such as heavy metals,  hydrocarbons or other components that could potentially be harmful.

The ironic part of this story is that compost inside plastic (in a bag) was imported was assumed to be safe and uncontaminated. Had anyone reviewed the source and ingredients of this imported compost?

I would recommend that we call plastics and other non-compostable material in compost simply what they are – non-compostable material. Using the word “contamination” may be confusing for those potentially interested in using the compost.

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